Goldovsky's experiment yielded a key insight into human error: not only had the experts misread the music—they had misread it in the same way. In a subsequent study, Goldovsky's nephew, Thomas Wolf, discovered that good sight readers report that they do not read music note by note; instead, they rely on their recognition of familiar patterns and on their ability to organize the music into those patterns and dependable 17)cues.
戈多夫斯基的实验让我们对人类的错误有所洞察：专家们不仅仅是误读了这一曲目——他们误读的方式也如出一辙。在随后的研究中，戈多夫斯基的外甥托马斯·沃尔夫发现，优秀的视奏者称他们并非逐个音符逐个音符地读曲目；相反地，他们依赖的是对熟悉模式的识别能力，往往会以自己所熟知的模式和惯用的进入提示来解读面前的乐篇。
In short, they don't read; they infer. Moreover, this trait is not unique to musicians: pattern recognition is a 18)hallmark of expertise in 19)any number of fields; it is what allows experts to do quickly what amateurs do slowly.
简而言之，他们不细读，而是推断。并且，此特征不仅限于音乐家：模式识别是任何一个领域的专家的特征；这就是为什么专家能够做得很快，但是业余者却做得慢的缘故。
Goldovsky's insight offers a useful metaphor for understanding the crisis on Wall Street: Not only did 20)hedge fund managers, bankers and others misread the danger involved in many of their investments, but they misread them in the same way. As Paul E. Kanjorski, a former congressman who served on 21)the House Financial Services Committee, put it, “Why does it appear to the general public that all the finest minds in finance missed the most obvious?” It appears that way because they did miss it. These types of errors are most likely to be discovered by those who, like Goldovsky's young student, look at the world with new, 22)unblinking eyes.
戈多夫斯基的发现为我们理解华尔街发生的金融危机提供了有用的隐喻：对冲基金经理、银行家以及其他人不但误读了隐藏在他们投资里的危险，而且他们误读的方式如出一辙。正如曾经在众议院金融服务委员会工作过的前议员保罗·E·坎瑞斯基所说：“为什么普罗大众会觉得金融界最出色的头脑反而漏掉最明显不过的东西？”出现这种情况的原因是因为他们的确是漏掉了。这类型的错误最有可能被那些像戈多夫斯基的年轻学生那样、用全新的眼光专注地看待世界的人所发现。
In 2009, for instance, a first grader in Virginia noticed that a popular library book 23)depicted a meat-eating dinosaur as an 24)herbivore. A year before that, a fifth grader from Michigan discovered an error at a 25)Smithsonian exhibit that had gone undetected for 27 years. And in 2007, another error was caught, this time by a 13-year-old boy in Finland. The mistake involved an image of a submarine that a Russian TV company had used to illustrate a report about a Russian submarine voyage to the Arctic. The image, distributed by 26)Reuters, was used by news 27)outlets around the world. No one noticed anything 28)awry. But the boy, Waltteri Seretin, did. The 29)sub, he thought, looked suspiciously familiar. His suspicions were right: it was a 30)film clip taken from the movie Titanic.
例如，在2009年，美国弗吉尼亚州一位一年级学生发现了图书馆里有本热门参考书将一只食肉恐龙描述成食草动物。在此前一年，美国密歇根州一位五年级学生发现了史密森尼学会下属的一个博物馆巡回展里有个展品有误，而这个错误27年来从未被发现。而在2007年，另外一个错误被发现了，这次的发现者是芬兰一个13岁的小男孩。这个错误涉及一幅一家俄罗斯电视公司用来描述有关俄罗斯潜艇航行去北极的图片。这幅由路透社发布的图片，被世界各地的新闻机构引用，没有人发现有什么不妥之处。但是，这个名叫华特利·塞林汀的男孩却发现了一处问题。他觉得这艘潜水艇看起来极其熟悉。他的怀疑是正确的：这幅图片是从电影《泰坦尼克号》里截取出来的电影画面。
Unlike the Titanic, the stock market appears to have 31)righted itself—even as many investors remain underwater. It may be too much to suggest that we let adolescents run Wall Street (assuming, of course, that this isn't already the case). But that wouldn't hurt to let them check the math.
跟《泰坦尼克号》不同，股票市场似乎开始慢慢自我调整过来了——即使许多投资者仍然身处“水深火热”之中。如果我们建议让青少年去管理华尔街或许有点过分（只是假设，当然，情况还没有变成这样），但是让他们去算算帐倒也无妨。
